Perilla frutescens, commonly known as Perilla leaf or “Zi Su Ye” in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae). Its purple or green leaves are rich in aromatic oils and bioactive compounds used to treat respiratory conditions, food allergies, and digestive disorders.
Modern studies validate its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and antimicrobial properties, making Perilla an effective herb for both internal and topical health support.
Phytochemical Composition
Perilla leaf contains several important compounds:
- Rosmarinic Acid: Anti-inflammatory and antiallergic
- Luteolin and Apigenin: Flavonoids that support immune function and reduce oxidative stress
- Perillaldehyde and Essential Oils: Improve digestion, relieve spasms, and provide antimicrobial activity
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Particularly alpha-linolenic acid in the seeds
5 Key Health Benefits of Perilla Leaf
1. Respiratory and Bronchial Support
Perilla leaf helps relieve cough, asthma, and congestion by reducing airway inflammation and relaxing bronchial muscles. It is traditionally used for colds with chest tightness or phlegm.
2. Antiallergic and Immune Regulation
Rosmarinic acid inhibits histamine release, making Perilla effective in treating seasonal allergies, food sensitivities, and allergic dermatitis (Makino et al., 2003).
3. Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects
Perilla’s flavonoids and polyphenols help combat free radical damage and reduce chronic inflammation linked to aging and chronic illness.
4. Digestive Aid and Nausea Relief
In TCM, Perilla is used to calm the stomach, relieve bloating, and reduce nausea. It is also beneficial in early pregnancy-related morning sickness.
5. Skin Health and Antimicrobial Uses
Topically, Perilla extracts can be used for eczema, itchiness, or rashes due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
Traditional Medicinal Uses
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, Perilla leaf (Zi Su Ye) is used to:
- Disperse wind-cold and release the exterior
- Regulate qi and harmonize the middle burner
- Calm the fetus and relieve morning sickness
- Detoxify seafood poisoning and food allergies
Recommended Usage
- Tea or Decoction: 3–9 grams of dried leaf infused in hot water or boiled
- Powdered or Capsule Form: Follow label dosage for standardized extracts
- Topical Use: Infused oil or poultice for skin inflammation
Safety and Side Effects
- Pregnancy: Generally safe; often used for nausea in early pregnancy under supervision
- Side Effects: Rare; high doses may cause mild gastrointestinal upset
- Interactions: May enhance effects of antihistamines or anticoagulants
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is Perilla leaf good for?
Perilla is traditionally used for respiratory conditions, allergy relief, digestion, and calming the mind.
Can it help with seasonal allergies?
Yes, it reduces histamine release and inflammatory response to allergens.
Is Perilla safe during pregnancy?
Yes, especially for nausea and digestion, but use under practitioner guidance.
Can it be used on the skin?
Yes, it soothes rashes, itching, and minor infections.
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References:
Makino, T., et al. (2003). Antiallergic effect of Perilla frutescens and its active compound rosmarinic acid. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 26(7), 1037–1041. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.1037
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